“Yardeɣ aqarefṭan bu sebɛin n reqfur mami wami yuyar, yejja yi mantca deg wur.” Izri d arifi
Amezruy n uneɛreq deg umaḍal:
Tazwagt (l’immigration) d amutti zeg udɣar ɣar unniḍen, amezruy nnes issenta zi trarit n ufgan xef ukal a, mammec i nessen; war tedji ca d ict n tɣawsa teqqen ɣar bnadem waha, ɣar s tiɣuni ura ɣar imuddar (animales), ura d nitni tmuttuyen zi tmurt ɣar tenniḍen am ijḍiḍen deg ujenna am iserman deg ayl. tneɛraqen am ufgan zeg isekraf n tasmuɣi (l’esclavage) d tinɛkraf n tzawa d laẓ d tarewra zi takritt (la violence) n imenɣan n ufgan d tiwaɣitin (disaster) n umnaḍ, mani tgajen arezzun xef ufra (paix), d uzedduɣ n tcuni.
Aṭṭas n wayduden i yezrin tawada d ugaji zeg akal ɣar tmurt nniḍen, ɣar neɣ deg umezruy n usɣan (ddin; religion) aṭṭas n tmacahutin, zzay sent tanfust n umazan (Prophète) “Musa” wami igajj yarwer zi taqsuḥi d tiɣennanin n waydud Aferɛuni, d tmeddurt n umazan “Muḥemmed” (tzallit n arebbi xaf s) ura d netta igaj iked imselmen deg uzwag nnes axatar itwassnen deg umeddur n tmeslent; wami imutti zi temdint n Mekka ɣar Lmadina, zi senni d usawen zi issentan imselmen tassakudt (datation) d uzemmem n asakud (date) nsen.
Amezruy n tazwagt di arif:
Deg ammas n timiḍi n simraw (Le XXe siècle) iyzeryen, awarni imenɣi ameḍlan amezwaru (1914-1918) d wis ssin (1939-1945), d isfuffyen iked unfarar nsen ict n tudart tuḍen s taqsuḥi, tmukrist n umenɣi temsar s waṭṭas di tmizar n Uliman d Fransa… mani uffin t ixf nsent ffɣent zeg imxumbal n umcubbec d umenɣi udfent ɣar umukris n tagumi, mani tuɣa udrusen ifassen n tawuri, zi senni xarrṣent ad swizant s imeswuriyen (travailleurs) d ɣar awyent zi tmura n tefriqt ufella d tefriqt tabarkant, zi tmizar n Lmerruk d Dzayer d Tunes d tmura n wadday n tnezruft am Ssinigal d Nijirya…, zi senni ssentan irifiyen tgajen d refrug ɣar tmizar a n Urubba.
S tmarrnit xef umussu n tazwagt ɣar tmizar n Urubba, dja dinni aneɛreq d ameqran n irifiyen i gajen ɣar tmazirt n Dzayer, yenna “Ugusṭ Mulyiras” deg udlis nnes “Lmeɣrib ig itwattun; taffi n arif”, deg ussegwass n 1895 ujar zi 20000 n irifiyen ssentan teddun mkur assegwass s rwacunat nsen ɣar tamurt n Dzayar, arezzun xef tawuri di tibeḥḥar d reɛrasiyat n Ifransisen i tuɣa izedɣen tamurt a awarni uḥewwes nsen.
Azrawi amaziɣ war yettu ca ad yiri d ayt n uzemmem s tatlayt deg umezruy nnes s yezli amaziɣ i xemmren min izeryen zeg ussan nni, izlan di tezdeɣ taycint n umaziɣ d tmaziɣt xef minzi tuɣa itaca n tiqqest idi tuɣa yezdeɣ umukris n uzwag deg ugensu d tmeddurt n tudart n irifiyen marra.
Ijj n izli izemmem jar isekkilen nnes ijj n umezruy issawal xef tidet nni, wami tuɣa assif n Merwect d arefsiw; wenni it ɣar iẓwan ɣar ujemmaḍin axmi d irur d amaynu, nssefli d ɣar tazrawit tarifit teqqar xef yiles nnes u nettat tessutar zi Merwect ad tcaref inagiten (Les inondations) nnes, ḥuma war ttiwi llif nnes yeggin ad yezvwa ɣar tmazirt n Dzayar:
A Merwect a Merwact; taqarqact n tezra
Aqqa ad teɣdared llif; axmi cem ɣar yeẓwa!’
Tazwagt a teslul d akid s aṭṭas n inɛnkraf i yejjin imnneɛraq uylen jar timessi n ugaji ɣar timura n midden d tzawa d imxumbal n tmura nsen, taycint zi issemɣar uzrawi d umedyaz amaziɣ s ridaret i yejja teddar deg izri arifi.
Izli ya d taqessist di tiddi d taquḍaḍt, maca imɣar di remɛani nnes, d takemmict n iwalen yufsen s timitar, izli i yeqqimen yeddar am imedyaten, itmuttuy jar tirewriwin n tniba deg ibarazen n tfugliwin d tmeɣriwin, ixemmer jar tiɣit nnes tidet n ijj n wass s min tarbu xef uɛrur nnes n tizedt d tarzugi, izli d yusin d amazan (Prophète) am ijj n ureqqas n umezruy nni izeryen, issiwel ura xef tazwagt am ict n tmukrist iddar it mkur axxam d mkur dcar, teɣza di tamektit n wur n mkur amaziɣ.
Issiwer urifi d trifit deg waṭṭas n twaratin xef remɛani n yezri, ntesla ɣar s yeqqar di sin n izlan a:
Ma tɣired war fehmeɣ; i remɛani n yizran
Cḥal mma teɣri d dinni wi cek yeɛdan
Izran n yiḍ a kurci s remɛani
Iteqes rḥar; i wen war sen ifehmen ci
Adɣar n tazwagt d tayri ɣar ufgan arifi:
Tayri d tazwagt truren d deg izri arifi am ikniwen, tazwagt d ict n umxumber imɣar deg umeddur imaziɣen, aṭṭas i tesyujel n wurawen i tuɣa i texsen ayawya nsen, aṭṭas itessigwej n lwacunat xef iduɣar nsen, izli di ɣar naff tazwagt ntaff dinni tayri tessdel, dinni amarret nni zi iytaca wargaz amaziɣ u netta i tegg iḍaren nnes ad iniy deg uɣarrabu, mani i tejja tiqqest deg wur n temɣart niɣ n tamiri nnes, tessaqriq ura d tinedwin n tittawin mani izdeɣ unessis n imettawen, s umsebḍi d lagwaj n ijj xef unniḍen.
Ntesla ɣar urifi yeqqar deg izlan a, u netta i tettar zzay neɣ ad naca s taycitin nni yeggwin s tidet n tiqqest d uxeyyeq nni:
Umi truḥed lxarij, rebbi war d ac isemmaḥ
Tejjid rbar inu, deg ubrid iseyyeḥ
Cek txemmimed i tnaya n macina
Nec txemmimeɣ wi ɣar tejjed i fenna
Tesɣuy macina dexxan yegga qadus
Tenni yura Arebbi ima ad tnemḥa s ufuss
Wi ɣar i zi reɛdu zeg uɣarrabu n Mritc
Yeksi yayi mami inu yejja yi d tayujitc
War d as tsimiḥeɣ i ṭeyyara yeḍwin
Teksi ayi mami inu tiwi t ɣar trumiyyin
Ṭeyara tamcumt, ṭeyara a tamenɛect
Tiwyed ayi mami inu tejjid ayi d tabuharect
A Sitimi tuyar a Munqaḍa raja
Ma war ɣar m bu rexbar n llif ad ihajar
Isɣuy uɣarrabu, yenna s zid ad tenyem
Mami leɛziz inu ɣerben t imeṭṭawen
Teksi d llif inu ɣar tmurt d tarumect
Aɛlik cem zriɣ ad am qqneɣ ticarrect!
Zzat i uxeyyaq a di ntaff tayri tusliɣ (affixe) iked tazwagt, s uffsay neɣ i yezlan a, nfarren d zzay sen ijj n umawal n iwalen i yeqqnen ɣar tɣawsa n imesniyen (moyens de transport) am: Macina, Aɣarrabu, Taylalt (avion), Sitimi, Munqaḍa..), mammec i ntaff amedyaz amaziɣ issemras (usage) day sen ijj n umawal n uxeyyeq yuylen ɣar: (iɣuyyan, tuyyujelt (Orphelin), imettawen).
Tamazirt n “Uliman” deg umussu n izlan n tazwagt:
Tarbat tarifit tedwel tmmexsa marra min tt yejjin ad temṣebda xef llif nnes ad xaf s taggewj, tcareh ura d timizar nni mani yuyar llif nni, yeddu d tarewra zi tzawa ɣar tawuri, ḥuma ad ibeddel imal s ufuss nnes.
Mara narzu deg izlan n tazwagt xef tmizar n midden, xef timura n Urubba mani igaj urifi, ntaff izli issawal aṭṭas xef tmurt n Uliman, mani mmutyen abarru n irifiyen. Tamdyazt tarifit temsawal, temmneɣ, temzawar u temɣunnan iked tmurt n Uliman, i das yeksin Llif nnes, tucari t ɣar uraq nnes, neqqar deg izlan a asutar nni tegga tmettut Tamaziɣt i tmurt n Uliman maḥend ad tewc tirelli i umennuɛruq ad yedwer ɣar tayri nnes; ɣar ukal nnes:
Aya Alimaniya a ixf awen n uriri
Tuɣa yi d amesrem tarra yi d arumi
Aya Alimaniya nec d rɛarr nnem,
Sarḥas i llif inu; Char inu ɛam nnem
Aya Alimaniya ma tiggwej ma tudes,
“Temniyyam” n webrid d uɣarrabu yeɣɣes
Aya talimanct ma war d am yewci wur nnem
Jjit ad yareweḥ, Char inu ɛam nnem
Mara truḥed Aliman wcayi tabrat inu
Nec war zemmareɣ resnin a llif inu
Aya musejjala am ɣarṣegh ifiran
Teksi d awar inu tiwyet ɣar Uliman
Tazwagt tesrurd ijj n umarret di ulkisen (Psychologique) n urifi, mani tweddar tidet jar iseqsan, tedwer trifect tzwar amiri nnes t yejjin ad zzay s isxan, ad yetleɛ d zegwu ɣar ujemmaḍin, n tesra ɣar tazrawit tarifit teqqar deg izlan di tessiwed akemmic n twalfin n tidet nni izedɣen deg wul nnes:
Ma teẓwid lxarij wi ɣar day i tejji d
Tejji d aduf inu deg uxxam itejmid?
Tenna yi mayemmi tetru d jjayi ad ruɣ nnit
Llif nnem yuyar wenni inu yedfari t
Ad qesseɣ afuss inu a das arenyeɣ aqessi
Wami yezwa llif war das ɛdireɣ aweṣṣi
Llif inu yuyar, iruḥ ad isafar
Ggayi d di tebrat zeynayi d rxaḍar
Mara truḥed lxarij ggayi di rbar nnec
Ggayi mani tegged mami ttesriḥ nnec
Inni yi: ad am ggeɣ min war d am yeggi babam
Ad am ggeɣ ttesriḥ ad tezwiḍ Aliman
Inni yi: “mani cem ɣar ggeɣ, ugin lwalidin?”
Ggayi a mami inu d liṣaneṣ i tumubin
Dinni u dinni uran n izran d tizlatin, aṭṭas zzay sen cnun ten di tfuglatin n tmeɣriwin, izlan a mani itemyidar waydud s ict n taycint tissiq d zzay sen am isefḍawen; tesruɣa tifawin xef umeddur n waydud arifi; xef ulkisen nnes i di izemmar ad t issefsi d iwaren imquddan iked ayawya nnes, am n muquddan idurar n arif, ɣar neɣ d itemsawalen xef umezruy nni n ijj n wass, amezruy issuren iked tazwagt d utlaɛ, am ijj n umnus azwar nnes iɣmi deg azɣat nni, tidrin nnes ɛad ɣemyent id d raxart i nedyen tifdar nnes deg ayl agracal (Méditerranéen), mani tmetta temẓi d iɣedduten di tɣarrabutin n unaruz (Espoir).
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- “Hijrat almaɣariba ila alxarij” Adellis s teɛrabt, Azwag n imeɣrabiyen ɣar tmura n midden, afsar n “Akidimiya tageldant tamɣrabit”, Almaɛarif Aljadida 2000. Arbat.
- Adris s Teɛrabt: “Tazwagt tabarcant”, deg usmel n (www.aljazeera.net).
